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| honorific_suffix = | image = Muhammad al-Jawad-3.jpg | image_size = 280px | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = CE (10 Rajab 195 AH) | birth_place = Medina, Abbasid Empire | death_date = (30 Dhul Qa`dah 220 AH) | death_place = Baghdad, Abbasid Empire | death_cause = Death by poisoning according to most Shi'a Muslims. | resting_place = Al-Kadhimiya Mosque, Iraq | resting_place_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = | other_names = Muhammad al-Taqi | ethnicity = | years_active = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | title = | term = 819 – 835 CE | predecessor = Ali al-Ridha | successor = Ali al-Hadi | movement = | opponents = | religion = Islam | spouse = Sumānah | children = Ali al-Hadi Musa al Mubarraqa Hakimah Khātūn | parents = Ali al-Ridha | relatives = | module = | website = | footnotes = | box_width = }} Muhammad ibn ‘Alī ibn Mūsā (Arabic: محمد ابن علی ابن موسی ) sometimes called Abu Ja'far was known as al-Jawād (The generous) and al-Taqī (the pious).He was a descendant of Prophet Muhammad and the ninth Shia Imam after his father Ali al-Ridha and before his son Ali al-Hadi. After Ali al-Ridha's death, the Abbasid Caliph, al-Ma'mun, summoned al-Jawad to himself, and to keep him in Baghdad, he got his daughter to marry him. Later on, al-Jawad was allowed to return to Medina, where he devoted his life to teaching. After Al-Ma'mun's death, however, he was summoned to Baghdad again, and according to Shiite accounts was poisoned by his wife, the daughter of al-Ma'mun, at the instigation of the new caliph Al-Mu'tasim. Dying at the age of 25, he was the shortest-lived of the Twelve Imams. ==Birth and early life== Muhammad (ibn Ali) known as ''al-Jawad'' and ''al-Taqi'' was also called ''Ibn al-Ridha'' (the son of al-Ridha), though his father would call him with the name ''Abu Ja'far'';. In order not to be confused with Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth Imam, who was also called Abu Ja'far, historians have mentioned this Imam as ''Abu Ja'far the Second''. He was born in Medina, and according to Kulaini, his mother was a bondmaid from Nubia whose name was ''Habibi''. However, some say that she was Khaizaran, a girl from the Byzantine Empire, and some others believe she was of the household of Maria al-Qibtiyya who was the slave mother of Muhammad's little son Ibrahim.〔 Al-Jawad's father, Ali al-Ridha, used to tell his companions that he expected a son who would take the position of Imamate after him. However, it took Shiites a long time before they could see the mentioned son with their own eyes. He was only four years old when his father left him behind in Medina to respond al-Ma'mun's summon who asked him to go there and be his successor. The Shiites could not help asking whether a child at that age could take on such a responsibility if something happened to Imam Ali al-Ridha; and al-Ridha used to illustrate the story of Jesus who had become a prophet at a younger age. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Muhammad al-Jawad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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